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The Moravian missions in Greenland ((グリーンランド語:Qatanngutigiinniat); (デンマーク語:Brødremenigheden)〔Jensen, Einar Lund & al. ''Monographs on Greenland: Man and Society'', Vol. 38: "(Cultural Encounters at Cape Farewell: The East Greenland Immigrants and the German Moravian Mission in the 19th Century )". Museum Tusculanum Press, 2011.〕) were established by the Moravian United Brotherhood and operated between 1733 and 1900. They were operated under the auspices of the Royal Danish College of Missions until its dissolution in 1859 and were finally surrendered to the Lutheran Church of Denmark in 1900.〔Wittman, P. "(Greenland )". ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''. Robert Appleton Co. (New York), 1909. Accessed 28 Apr 2012.〕 Missionaries were allocated to the region and sometimes even sent wives who had been chosen for them and approved by the drawing of lots, a form of Cleromancy. They included: * Neu-Herrnhut (settled by Matthias Stach, Christian Stach, and Christian David in 1733〔 and formally established in 1747〔 at modern Nuuk) * Lichtenfels (founded by Matthias Stach, Jens Haven, and Peter Haven〔 in 1748,〔Lüdecke, Cornelia. "(East Meets West: Meteorological observations of the Moravians in Greenland and Labrador since the 18th century )". ''History of Meteorology'' 2, 2005.〕 1754,〔Cranz, David & al. ''(The History of Greenland: including an account of the mission carried on by the United Brethren in that country )''. Longman, 1820.〕 1757,〔American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. "(Biography: Life of Matthew Stach )". ''The Missionary Herald'', #19. Samuel T. Armstrong, 1823.〕 or 1758〔〔"(Mission in Greenland )". ''The Christian Library: Comprising a Series of Standard Works in Religious Literature.'' Key & Biddle, 1833.〕 at modern Akunnat) * Lichtenau (founded by Gotfried Grillich〔 in 1774〔 at modern Alluitsoq) * Friedrichsthal (founded by Conrad Kleinschmidt (1768–1832)〔Del, Anden. "(''Grønland som del af den bibelske fortælling – en 1700-tals studie'' )" (as Part of the Biblical Narrative – a Study of the 18th-Century" ). 〕 in 1824〔 at modern Narsarmijit) * Umanak (founded in 1861〔 and located upfjord from Neu-Herrnhut〔Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''(Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico )'', Vol. 4. Smithsonian Institution, reprinted by Digital Scanning Inc, 2003.〕) * Idlorpait (founded in 1864〔 between Lichtenau and Friedrichsthal) A large factor in their favor despite the Danish Mission College's having already named Hans Egede as the director of mission work in the territory was the failure of Egede's own Bergen Greenland Company and a costly debacle involving the royal colony under Major Claus Paarss. Considering Greenland's sparse population, particularly after a smallpox epidemic from 1733 to 1735 brought by an Inuit youth returning from Denmark, ironically, one of the very same who so inspired Count Zinzendorf to begin the Moravian Church's missions in the first place the missions were, after a settling-in period, very successful. The United Brotherhood delivered the timber and erected the first church in 1747.〔Brown, William. ''(The History of Missions: Or, Of the Propagation of Christianity Among the Heathen, Since the Reformation )''. B. Coles V.D.M., 1816.〕 Lichtenau was for a time the largest settlement in Greenland. However, the missions were forced to pay for their freight after the Greenland monopoly was granted to the General Trade Company〔 and the Royal Greenland Trading Department's Instruction of 1782 discouraged further urbanization or acculturation of the local Inuit, whose hunting the company depended upon for its income, and greatly hindered further mission work. Neu-Herrnhut.jpg|A portrait of the New Herrnhut mission around 1770 KRABBE(22) Greenland. The Herrnhut mission station Lichtenfels (11943529563).jpg|Lichtenfels KRABBE(23) Greenland. The Herrnhut mission station Uummannaq at the bay of Nuuk (11727305740).jpg|Uummannaq at the bay of Nuuk ==See also== * Danish College of Missions * Island of Hope ((デンマーク語:Håbet Ø)), Hans Egede's trading-post-cum-Lutheran-mission which developed into Godthåb * Moravian Brethren Mission House * Old Nuuk 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moravian missions in Greenland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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